Important Facts about Germany – Last Part 3

Important Facts about Germany – Last Part 3
Reality Views by sm –
Part 3 – Germany and German Females
Below is the link for Part I – Important Facts about Germany, Part one deals with Political system of Germany .
http://realityviews.blogspot.com/2010/03/important-facts-about-germany-part-one.html

Below is the Link for Part 2 - Important Facts about Germany - Part 2 Deals with Social and Invention, General Germany.
http://realityviews.blogspot.com/2010/03/important-facts-about-germany-part-two.html


Germany and German Females –

1.From ancient times in Germany Females were considered inferior to males , just like India.

2.For centuries, a woman's role in German society was summed up and circumscribed by the three "K" words: Kinder (children), Kirche (church), and Küche (kitchen).

3.This attitude and thinking developed into customs, traditions and laws.

4.In olden times Females were suppose to look after only home and domestic problems.

5.Before marriage German female was under the control of father, after marriage German female was under the control of husband.

6.Female were not give any type of Independence

7.If the husband of female died as per law she was required to acquire a male guardian for their children.

8.Male child was considered more important than female child.

9.Females did not get any share from the property or land of father.

10.In the year 1700 women were not allowed to sing in the church.

11.In the 18th century the German composer Richard Wagner and also by the philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche. The saying of those days was, "...he who loves his wife too passionately destroys the marriage."

12. Outside home females did not have any value or role.

13.In 19th century females started to demand the equality from male dominated society. That time females were not united and strong or educated. But the educated feminist started to demand the equality. As a result, the messages of many 19th century "feminists" such as Dorothea Schloezer, Caroline Boehmer, and Dorothea Veit went unheard for the most part.

14. In the beginning of 20th century women began to demand equal rights.

15. First time in the German History Weimar Republic gave freedom and rights to females of Germany. The period was (1919-1933) in this period Germany females got the right to vote and right of secondary education.

16. This progress ended when Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933.

17.Hitler thought that it’s the duty of German females to increase the population of Germany; therefore women were forced to give up work and have children.

18.For the success of this policy Hitler praised them, offered rewards to women such as marriage loans, tax allowances and health services.

19.These way females of Germany got fooled by Hitler and Females again choose the traditional role of House wife.

20. As home life and life of household is a simple life, females easily accepted that role of housewife and the traditional role of female.

21.Women have just three duties again Home, kids and church.

22.In the Nazi period very few females enrolled in the Universities for the education.

23. Schools taught the girls that it is the duty of girl to produce babies and look after husband.

24.Girls were told not to smoke or diet and should have no interest in fashion and makeup.

25. In Nazi period the females who oppose the Nazi party were punished such as exile, death in concentration camps, or committing suicide.

26. In the year 1949 Germany Lost world war and Germany was divided into the two states West Germany and East Germany.

27.After this Again German Females got the Opportunities for the progress.

28.In East Germany marriage and family laws were rewritten and working mothers got the rights.

29. Abortion was made legal and was funded by the Government.

30.Because of Government policy and help about 90 percent females of East Germany worked outside the home.

31.In political parties more than fifty percent were the female members.

32.In 1988 slightly more than one-third of the membership of the ruling Socialist Unity Party of Germany (Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands--SED) consisted of women.

33.In contrast, only about 4.4 percent of West German women were members of a political party.

34.Around 1960 half of East Germany females were graduates and by the 1975-76 academic year, they were in the majority (53 percent).

35.To assist women in completing their studies, an extensive support system, including supplementary payments and child care, was provided.

36.In 1977 in West Germany after female’s revolution legislation was passed which gave females equal right in marriage. A woman could work outside the home and file for divorce without her husband's permission. Divorce was permitted when the marriage partners could no longer be reconciled.

37. Basic law of 1949 says that male and female both are equal in status.

38.Females got the right to possess the property after the death or divorce of husband.

39.Europe's top telecommunications group, Deutsche Telekom, has unveiled a quota to give women 30 percent of its management positions by 2015.

40.According to the Federal Statistics Office, German females earned about 23 percent less per hour than their male colleagues in 2008.

41.The average salary of a German is 4600$ a month.

42.In Germany the poverty level is a yearly income of 9,100 euro ($US11, 400) for a single person. If any person has a yearly salary below this then that single person is considered as living below poverty line. Using this measurement, 11 percent of the population lives in poverty.
9100 euro = 5,46,000 Indian Rupees .

43. One Euro = Indian 60 Rupees

44.In India 70 percent Population daily earns Indian 20 Rupees only.

45.There are 372 institutes of higher education in Germany, 102 of them universities, and 167 universities of the applied sciences.937, 000 or 48% of the total of some two million students are women. Tuition for higher education in Germany is largely free, and the tuition fees planned for introduction in various federal states as of 2007 are comparatively low at about EUR 500 per semester These are the real universities not like Indian universities where majority are fraud or doubtful.

46. Below is the information about few German Federal States in short.

47.state name - Baden-Württemberg- Capital: Stuttgart ,Population - 10,693,000, - Surface area in km2 : 35,751.65 , - GDP in billion euro: 319.43

48.State Name - Bavaria, Capital: Munich , Population: 12,423,000,- Surface area in km2 - : 70,549.19, - DP in billion euro: 385.16

49.state name - Hamburg, capital - Hamburg , - Population: 1,734,000,- Surface area in km2 - : 755.16, GDP in billion euro: 78.79

50.state name - Hesse, capital - Wiesbaden , Population: 6,089,000,- Surface area in km2 - : 21,114.72, - GDP in billion euro: 195.17

51.state name - North Rhine- Westphalia, capital- Dusseldorf,- Population: 18,080,000,-Surface area in km2- : 34,083.52,- GDP in billion euro: 481.42

52.state name - Rhineland-Palatinate, capital- Mainz, Population: 4,059,000,- Surface area in km2- : 19,847.39,GDP in billion euro: 95.39

53.state name - Saarland, capital - Saarbrucken, Population: 1,061,000,Surface area in km2-: 2,568.65,GDP in billion euro: 26.05

54.state name - Schleswig-Holstein, capital Kiel , Population: 2,823,000,Surface area in km2-: 15,763.18,GDP in billion euro: 66.51

55.state name - Thuringia, capital - Erfurt, Population: 2,373,000,Surface area in km2-: 16,172.14,GDP in billion euro: 42.27

56.Unemployment insurance - In Germany those with no work can claim support. Anyone who is unemployed and over the past three years has paid contributions to the state unemployment insurance system for at least twelve months is entitled to unemployment benefit (60 to 67 percent of their last net income.

57.The monthly child benefit is EUR 154 for each child (EUR 179 as of the fourth child) until the age of 18. The legal right to up to three years eave from work also makes an important contribution to supporting young parents.

58.The statutory pension insurance is the most important pillar of old-age provisions. Its financing is split: The monthly contributions paid by employees and employers pay the pensions of those currently in retirement

59. Also there is another scheme when old persons are unable to maintain themselves and relatives are also unable they are given full assistance from the Government.

60.Germany has compulsory and free education and has 99 percent literacy rate.

Regarding the Reservation of Females in political parties of Germany I did not get ,find any information.
If you got any links which German party is giving how much reservation for females let me know the link, name of that site.

The End.

Below is the Pic of German Flag

Important Facts about Germany – Part Two

Important Facts about Germany – Part Two -
Reality Views by sm -
General Information Regarding Germany, Inventions and Education
Below is the Link for Important Facts About Germany Part One -
http://realityviews.blogspot.com/2010/03/important-facts-about-germany-part-one.html

59.The Basic Law accorded The Federal Constitutional Court the right to repeal legislation passed as part of the legitimate democratic process should it come to the conclusion that such legislation contravenes the Basic Law


60.The German supreme court, namely The Federal Constitutional Court holds a monopoly on interpretation of the constitution with regard to all jurisdictions

61.The administration of justice is entrusted to independent judges who are answerable to the law only. As a matter of principle, these judges may not be dismissed from office or transferred against their will. Special tribunals are banned.

62.In the early 20th century, about one third of all Nobel Prizes were won by German scientists.

63.Of the total 80 German Nobel Prize winners to date, 68 won the prize for services to the natural sciences or medicine.

64. In Germany 96 percent of students attend public institutions that are subject to state supervision and control

65.Education is free and in most types of school is coeducational. Almost all elementary and secondary schools and about 95 percent of higher education institutions are public. College, graduate, and postgraduate students pay a nominal fee

66.German schooling is based on nine years of compulsory education for all children. Attendance of all government schools is free of charge. Once children are aged six, they as a rule attend primary school for four years, Up to age 18 education is compulsory.

67.Lessons in German schools tend to be in the mornings but the Federal Government has provided EUR 4 billion to support the creation of all-day schools

68.Federal Government and the states are committing about EUR 2 billion to research projects from a variety of disciplines – they are chosen by an independent jury.

69. as per 1991 figures - 99 percent literacy rate in population over age fifteen

70.In 2005, a Federal Constitutional Court ruling overturned the traditional taboo on Tuition fees. Hitherto, in Germany it was (almost) only the state that paid for tertiary education. Since 2007, seven federal states have from the first semester onwards charged tuition fees, albeit relatively modest ones by international comparison.

71.About 90 percent of population covered by comprehensive compulsory insurance for sickness, accidents, disability, long-term care, and retirement.

72.1796: Homeopathy - Heal a disease with something similar to it: This was the idea Samuel Hahnemann (1755–1843) used to create the principle of homeopathic therapy. Today, just under 40 percent of Germans have used this soft form of medicine

73.1817: The bicycle - Karl von Drais (1785–1851) was especially taken by the “two-wheeler principle”

74.1854: Light bulb - The clockmaker was well ahead of his day. For in 1854, when Heinrich Göbel (1818–1893) caused bamboo fibers to glow in a vacuum, there was still no electrical grid.

75.1861: Telephone - The era of revolutionary communications technology commenced with Philipp Reis (1834–1874). A mathematics teacher, he was the first person to transform sounds and words into electric current that could be reproduced elsewhere

76.1876: Refrigerator - On March 25, 1876 Carl von Linde (1842–1934) was awarded the patent for the first refrigerator, which used ammonia as a cooling agent. In 1993, German company Foron introduced the world’s first CFC-free “Greenfreeze” refrigerator

77. 1876: Otto engine - Take in, condense, ignite, work, expel: Nikolaus August Otto (1832–1891) has gone down in the annals of technology as the inventor of the four-stroke engine, accelerating the pace of motorization

78.1930/1931: Television - On Christmas Eve, 1930 Manfred von Ardenne (1907–1997) was the first person to succeed with an electrical television broadcast. Today, 95 percent of German households have a TV.

79.1941: Computer - Konrad Zuse (1910- 1995) invented the first binary calculator: the Z3. The first computer managed four basic arithmetic functions in three seconds.

80. In Germany Almost all households are equipped with one or more TVs and a radio. Germans make extensive use of the media. They listen to more than 3.5 hours radio every day, watch TV for three hours, read a daily paper for 36 minutes, and in addition peruse TV, general and special interest magazines and glean information from weekly and monthly magazines.

81.In Germany, public authorities are obliged to provide journalists with information. BPA, the Press and Information Office of the federal Government, acts as intermediary between the government and the public and coordinates the Chancellery’s press and PR activities.

82.Military service is compulsory for men at the age of 18 serve nine-month tours of duty. But can join and do the civil service also instead of military service.

83.Germany is the world's fifth largest consumer of energy and the government has set the goal of meeting half the country's energy demands from renewable sources by 2050.

84.In 2000, the government and the German nuclear power industry agreed to phase out all nuclear power plants by 2021

85.In 2005 Germany produced approximately 35% of the world's wind energy. There are over 20,000 wind turbines off the coast of northern Germany, the largest of which reach 200 metres in height.

86.The international code is +49. The internet country code is .de.
87.Currency: Euro
88.GDP per Capita: U.S. $26,200
89.Literacy Percent: 99 percent

90.German people are the second biggest consumers of beer in the world (after the Irish), with an average of 119 liters per person per year (or 0.32 l per day).

91.You would have to try one kind of German bread per day for almost a whole year in order to be able to taste them all! There are over 300 different kinds of bread in Germany.

92.The first cuckoo clock was made in Germany in the early 17th century. It is a clock, where a bird appears through a small trap door and imitates the call of a cuckoo while the clock is striking the hours.

93.Germany is a leader in garbage separation. More than 80 % of paper and glass is recycled.

94.Prostitution in Germany is legal, and so are brothels. Prostitutes may work as regular employees with contract, though the vast majority works independently. Brothels are registered businesses that do not need a special brothel license

95.Prostitutes have to pay income taxes and even have to charge VAT for their services, to be paid to the tax office.

96.Germany is a legally and socially tolerant country towards homosexuals. Civil unions have been permitted since 2001.

97. Gays and lesbians can legally adopt their partner's biological children (stepchild adoption).

98.The Foreign Minister Guido Westerwelle and the mayors of the two largest German cities, Berlin and Hamburg, are openly gay.

99.National flag - Three horizontal stripes in black, red
100.Emblem - Stylized eagle
101.Anthem - Third verse by August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben ”Das Lied der Deutschen” to a melody by Joseph Haydn “Kaiserhymne“
102.State holiday - October 3, Day of German Unity
103.Births - On average 1.4 children per woman

Important Facts about Germany – Part One

Important Facts about Germany – Part One
Reality Views by sm -
In short history and Political system of Germany -
1. On 25 December 800, Charlemagne founded the Carolingian Empire, which was divided in 843. The medieval empire resulted from the eastern portion of this division and existed in varying forms from 962 until 1806.

2. The “Golden Bull” issued by Charles IV in 1356 was a form of Imperial constitution.

3. Following the fall of Napoleon Bonaparte, the Congress of Vienna convened in 1814 and founded the German Confederation (Deutscher Bund), a loose league of 39 sovereign states.


4. Revolutions of 1848 in the German states. The monarchs initially yielded to the revolutionaries' liberal demands. King Frederick William IV of Prussia was offered the title of Emperor, but with a loss of power; he rejected the crown and the proposed constitution

5. Germany's imperialism reached outside of its own country and joined many other powers in Europe in claiming their share of Africa. The Berlin Conference divided Africa between the European powers. Germany owned several pieces of land in Africa including German East Africa, South-West Africa, Togo, and Cameroon.

6. The assassination of Austria's crown prince on 28 June 1914 triggered World War I.

7. 1914–1918: World War I - Emperor Wilhelm II isolates Germany from its neighbors and leads the country into the catastrophe of the First World War, which costs the lives of almost 15 million people. In June 1919 the Treaty of Versailles is signed, ending the war

8. The German Revolution broke out in November 1918, and Emperor William II and all German ruling princes abdicated

9. The revolution came to an end in August 1919, when the Weimar Republic was formally established. The Weimar Constitution came into effect with its signing by President Friedrich Ebert on 11 August 1919.

10. Nevertheless, discontentment with the new Weimar government helped fuel the growth of the German Communist Party.

11. on 30 January 1933, seeing little alternative and pushed by right-wing advisors, von Hindenburg appointed Adolf Hitler as Chancellor of Germany

12. An Enabling Act passed in parliament gave Hitler unrestricted legislative power.

13. 1939: Start of the Second World War - Through his invasion of Poland on September 1, 1939 Hitler unleashes the Second World War

14. 1945: The Second World War ends - The capitulation of the German Wehrmacht between May 7–9, 1945 ends the Second World War in Europe. The four Allies divide the country into four occupation zones and Berlin into four sectors

15. 1948: Blockade of Berlin - The introduction of the deutschmark in the Western occupation zones prompts the Soviet Union on June 14, 1948 to cut off access to West-Berlin. The Allies respond with an airlift dropping supplies to the population in West Berlin until September 1949

16. In Germany first democracy failed, namely Weimar republic and Nazi dictatorship.

17. The political system of Federal Republic of Germany represents the second democratic system.

18. In 1949 Germany was divided and in two parts and in the year 1990 Germany was again unified, became one state, one nation.

19. 1949: Birth of the Federal Republic of Germany - On May 23, 1949 the Basic Law of the Federal Republic of Germany is proclaimed in Bonn. The first parliamentary elections are held on August 14. Konrad Adenauer (CDU) is elected Chancellor. On October 7, 1949 the division between East and West is completed when the Constitution of the German Democratic Republic comes into force

20. Before German unification in 1990 the Federal Republic consisted initially of ten states, and later, after the reintegration of Saarland as of January 1, 1957, of 11 states, which were established in the zones occupied by the Western Powers (USA, Great Britain, and France). In the Soviet-occupied zone, too, at the end of the War five states were formed in the territory which later became the GDR, but in 1952 these were transformed into a total of 14 districts (Bezirke). After the first free elections on March 18, 1990, it was decided to create five new states on GDR territory

21. After it had been approved by the Parliamentary Council, the Basic Law came into force on May 23, 1949. It sets out the fundamental legal and political order for the Federal Republic of Germany.

22. The German political system operates under a framework laid out in the 1949 constitutional document known as the Grundgesetz (Basic Law).

23. Based on the Bonn-Berlin Act, adopted by the parliament on 10 March 1994, Berlin once again became the capital of the reunified Germany, while Bonn obtained the unique status of a Bundesstadt (federal city) retaining some federal ministries. The relocation of the government was completed in 1999.

24. The capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany is a member of the United Nations, NATO, G8, G20, OECD, and the WTO.

25. German federal state consists of a central Federal Government and 16 federal states.

26. The Federal Republic of Germany covers an area of 357,022 square kilometers. The longest distance from north to south as the crow flies is 876 kilometers, and from west to east, 640 kilometers. There are some 82.6 million people living in Germany

27. Basic Law lays down representative democracy as the form of rulership.

28. All state authorities are subject to judicial control.

29. According to the Basic Law, culture is the responsibility of the individual federal states.

30. Freedom of the press and speech has been the common property of everyone and protected by the Constitution.

31. Article 5 of the Basic Law expresses how the Constitution interprets the freedom of the press: “Every person shall have the right freely to express and disseminate his opinions in speech, writing and pictures and to inform himself without hindrance from generally accessible sources. There shall be no censorship.”

32. Germany is a Federal state, in other words the ruling authorities are divided up into a number of member states and the central state.

33. Basic law is supreme; the new constitution can not take away the basic rights.

34. Political Parties are reimbursed the costs they incur in their respective election campaign. All elections are held on Sunday.

35. Article 21 of the Basic Law places certain restrictions on the ideological orientation of political parties: "Parties which, by reason of their aims or the behavior of their adherents, seek to impair or abolish the free democratic basic order or to endanger the existence of the Federal Republic of Germany shall be unconstitutional.

36. Federal Constitutional Court has a power to ban the Political parties which are danger to the Democracy or Parties whose commitment to democracy is in doubt. In the history few political parties were banned.

37. Germany names of important political parties are as follows
38. Christian Democratic Union/Christian Social Union (CDU/CSU)
39. Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD)
40. Free Democratic Party (FDP)

41. The Basic Law creates a dual executive but grants most executive authority to the federal chancellor, as head of government, rather than to the president, who acts as head of state. The president has largely ceremonial functions. The Basic Law does not accord the Federal President a right of veto

42. The Federal President remains in office for a period of five years; he can be re-elected only once.

43. Germany has a bicameral parliament.

44. The two chambers are the Bundestag (Federal Diet or lower house) and the Bundesrat (Federal Council or upper house).

45. The Bundestag is the German parliament. Its elected representatives are organized in parliamentary parties and select a President from among them. It is the function of the Bundestag to elect the Federal Chancellor and keep him in office through support for his policies.

46. The Bundestag’s expert Parliamentary Committees discuss the bills introduced to Parliament in great detail

47. Both chambers can initiate legislation, and most bills must be approved by both chambers, as well as the executive branch, before becoming law.

48. The federal government consists of the chancellor and his or her cabinet ministers.

49. Every four years, after national elections and the seating of the newly elected Bundestag members, the federal president nominates a chancellor candidate to that parliamentary body; the chancellor is elected by majority vote in the Bundestag.

50. Under the German electoral system each voter has two votes, the first of which is for a candidate in his or her constituency, the second for a state list of candidates put up by a particular party. The number of seats a party holds in the Bundestag is determined by the number of valid second votes it receives.

51. The second ballot or vote is cast for a particular political party. These second votes determine each party's share of the popular vote.

52.A proportional representation system distributes legislative seats based on a party's percentage of the popular vote. For example, if a party wins 15 percent of the popular vote, it receives 15 percent of the seats in the Bundestag. If a party wins more constituency seats than it is entitled to according to its share of the vote in the second ballot, the party retains those seats, and the size of the Bundestag is increased. This was the case in both the 1990 and 1994 federal elections. After the 1990 election, the total number of seats in the Bundestag rose from 656 to 662. In 1994 sixteen extra seats were added, leading to a 672-member Bundestag

53. The electoral law stipulates that a party must receive a minimum of 5 percent of the national vote, or three constituency seats, in order to get any representation in the Bundestag.The 5 percent clause was crafted to prevent the proliferation of small extremist parties

54. Germany holds no by-elections; if Bundestag deputies resign or die in office, the next candidate on the party’s list in the appropriate Land automatically succeeds them.

55. Germany is divided into 328 electoral districts with roughly 180,000 voters in each district. Half of the Bundestag members are directly elected from these districts. Normally in Germany voter turnout is always more than 80 percent sometimes it was even more than 90 percent.In Germany voting is not compulsory .

56. In Germany it is very difficult for the single party to form the government, normally its always alliance of parties, coalition of parties.

57. Half the 598 seats in the Bundestag are allocated by means of the parties’ state lists (the second vote) and the other half by the direct election of candidates in the 299 constituencies (the first vote).

58. As a rule, in the Bundestag no one party has a clear majority. For this reason a coalition, in other words an alliance of various parties is normally necessary to be able to elect a Chancellor.

Below is the link to the Part 2 - Important Facts about Germany -

http://realityviews.blogspot.com/2010/03/important-facts-about-germany-part-two.html

Know 21 Important Facts about Permanent Account Number (PAN) Card –

Know 21 Important Facts about Permanent Account Number (PAN) Card –
Reality Views by sm -

1] What Is Permanent Account Number (PAN) Card?
Permanent Account Number (PAN) is a ten-digit alphanumeric number, issued in the form of a laminated card, by the Income Tax Department.
A typical PAN is AABPS1205E.


2] Why I Need the Pan Card?
Does Pan Card is Mandatory?
It is mandatory to quote PAN on return of income, all correspondence with any income tax authority. It is compulsory to quote PAN on return of income.
It is also compulsory to quote PAN in all documents pertaining to financial transactions notified from time-to-time by the Central Board of Direct Taxes. Some such transactions are sale and purchase of immovable property or motor vehicle or payments in cash, of amounts exceeding Rs. 25,000/-to hotels and restaurants or in connection with travel to any foreign country.
It is also mandatory to mention PAN for obtaining a telephone or cellular telephone connection.
Likewise, PAN has to be mentioned for making a time deposit exceeding Rs. 50,000/- with a Bank or Post Office or depositing cash of Rs. 50,000/- or more in a Bank.

3] How does Income Tax Department ensure that PAN is quoted on transactions?
It is statutory responsibility of a person receiving document relating to economic or financial transactions notified by the CBDT to ensure that PAN has been duly quoted in the document.


4] Who Should Must Get the Pan Card?
All existing assesses or taxpayers or persons who are required to furnish a return of income, even on behalf of others, must obtain PAN.
Any person, who intends to enter into financial transaction where quoting PAN is mandatory, must also obtain PAN.
The Assessing Officer may allot PAN to any person either on his own or on a specific request from such person.

5] Is it legal to get the two pan card or pan numbers?
Obtaining or possessing more than one PAN is against the law.

6] Where should I apply to get the Pan Card?
In order to improve PAN related services, the Income Tax department has authorized UTI Investor Services Ltd (UTIISL) to set up and manage IT PAN Service Centers in all cities or towns where there is an Income Tax office
And National Securities Depository Limited (NSDL) to dispense PAN services from TIN Facilitation Centers.
For convenience of PAN applicants in big cities, UTIISL has set up more than one IT PAN Service Center and likewise there are more than one TIN Facilitation Centers.

7] How to apply for a PAN? Can an application for PAN be made on plain paper?
PAN application should be made only on Form 49A.
A PAN application (Form 49A) can be downloaded from the website of Income Tax department or UTIISL or NSDL
www.incometaxindia.gov.in
www.utiisl.co.in
tin.nsdl.com
Or printed by local printers or photocopied (on A4 size 70 GSM paper) or obtained from any other source. The form is also available at IT PAN Service centers and TIN Facilitation centers.

8] Can I apply for pan card through Internet?
Yes, application for fresh allotment of PAN can be made through Internet. Further, requests for changes or correction in PAN data or request for new PAN card (for an existing PAN) may also be made through Internet.
For more details visit (www.tin-nsdl.com)

9] How do I get a PAN allotted quickly (TATKAL)?
If an application for allotment of PAN is submitted through Internet and payment made through a 'nominated' credit card, the PAN is allotted on priority and communicated through email.

10] How to find an IT PAN Service Center or TIN Facilitation Center?
Location of IT PAN Service Centers or TIN Facilitation Centers in any city may be obtained from local Income Tax Office or any office of UTI/UTIISL or NSDL in that city or from websites of the Income Tax department www.incometaxindia.gov.in
UTIISLwww.utiisl.co.in
NSDL http://tin.nsdl.com

11] What services are provided by these IT PAN Service Centers or TIN Facilitation Centers?
IT PAN Service Centers or TIN Facilitation Centers will supply PAN application forms (Form 49A)
And forms for 'Request for New PAN Card or/ And Changes in PAN Data',
Assist the applicant in filling up the form,
Collect filled form and issue acknowledgement slip.
After obtaining PAN from the Income Tax department,
UTIISL or NSDL as the case may be, will print the PAN card and deliver it to the applicant.

12] What documents and information have to be submitted along with the application of pan card or with the Form 49A ?
a. Individual applicants will have to affix one recent, coloured photograph (Stamp Size: 3.5 cms x 2.5 cms) on Form 49A;
A photograph is compulsory only in case of 'Individual' applicants.
b. Any one document listed in Rule 114 must be supplied as proof of 'Identity' and 'Address'; and
c. Designation and code of the concerned Assessing Officer of Income Tax department will have to be mentioned in Form 49A.

13] Which documents will serve as proof of 'Identity' regarding pan card application ?
Copy of school leaving certificate or matriculation certificate
Or degree of a recognized educational institution
Or depository account
Or credit card or bank account
Or water bill or ration card
Or property tax assessment order
Or passport or voter identity card
Or driving license or certificate of identity signed by a MP or an MLA or a Municipal Councilor or a Gazetted Officer;
In case the PAN applicant is a minor, any of above documents of any of the parents or guardian of such minor shall serve as proof of Identity;
In case PAN application is made on behalf of a HUF, any of above documents in respect of Karta of the HUF will serve as proof of Identity.

14] Which documents are required for pan card application as proof of 'Address' ?
Copy of electricity bill or telephone bill or depository account or credit card or bank account or ration card or employer certificate or passport or voter identity card or property tax assessment order or driving license or rent receipt or certificate of address signed by a MP/ MLA/Municipal Councilor / a Gazetted Officer;
In case the PAN applicant is a minor, any of above documents of any of the parents or guardian of such minor shall serve as proof of Address;
In case PAN application is made on behalf of a HUF, any of above documents in respect of Karta of the HUF will serve as proof of Address.

15] Is father's name compulsory for female (including married/divorced/widow) applicants?
Only father's name is required to be filled in the PAN application (Form 49A). Female applicants, irrespective of marital status, should write only father's name in the PAN application
[I do not know mothers name will work or not I have to find about this , but currently I feel mothers name is not accepted in this matter .]

16] I had applied to the department but I do not know my PAN?
Please contact the Aaykar Sampark Kendra (ASK) at 0124-2438000 (or 95124-2438000 from NCR)
Or go to this site – http://incometaxindiaefiling.gov.in/knowpan/knowpan.jsp

17] Income Tax Department has issued me a PAN card; can I obtain a new tamper proof PAN card?
For obtaining the tamper proof PAN card an application will have to be made in the form for 'Request for New PAN Card or/ And Changes
In PAN Data' to IT PAN Service Center or TIN Facilitation Center, in which existing PAN will have to be indicated and old PAN card surrendered.
The payment of Rs.60 + Service Tax as applicable, will also have to be made.

18] I had applied for PAN and received PAN number but have not received the PAN Card?
Apply in the form for 'Request for New PAN Card or/ And Changes in PAN Data' at any IT PAN Service Center or TIN Facilitation Center quoting the PAN allotted to you.

19] How will the new PAN card be delivered to me?
The UTIISL or NSDL, as the case may be, will ensure delivery of new PAN card at the address indicated by you in the PAN application form or form for 'Request For New PAN Card Or/ And Changes In PAN Data'

20] Below is the list of Important Website Links Regarding Pan card –

Know your pan = http://incometaxindiaefiling.gov.in/knowpan/knowpan.jsp

NSDL = Track your PAN/TAN Application Status
https://tin.tin.nsdl.com/tan/StatusTrack.html

Apply For pan card online through UTI
http://www.utitsl.co.in/utitsl/uti/newapp/newpanapplication.jsp

Download application form 49A from UTI site
http://www.utitsl.co.in/utitsl/site/form49a.htm
http://www.utitsl.co.in/utitsl/site/Form49a.pdf
http://www.tin-nsdl.com/downloads/Form-49A_110708.pdf


Request for New PAN Card or / and Changes or Correction in PAN Data Form
http://www.tin-nsdl.com/downloads/Form-49A-1_110708.pdf

PAN Grievances
http://www.sparshitax.net/pan/pan.asp

Find the Pan Application centre in your city
http://www.myutitsl.co.in//intra/web/search_psa.jsp
http://www.tin-nsdl.com/TINFaciliCenter.asp

Pan card application for NRI
http://www.utitsl.co.in/utitsl/uti/newapp/nri-application.jsp
Pan card will cost you Rs. 94 and for NRI it will cost Rs. 744

21] Who should be contacted for inquiries regarding PAN applications?
For UTIISL –
The Vice President
IT PAN Processing Centre,
UTI Investor Services Ltd
Plot No. 3, Sector - 11
CBD_ Belapur
Navi Mumbai-400 614
e-mail.- utiisl-gsd@mail.utiisl.co.in
Tel No. 022-27561690
Fax No. 022-27561706

For NSDL
The Vice President
Income Tax PAN Services Unit, NSDL
4th Floor, Trade World, A Wing
Kamala Mills Compound,
S. B. Marg, Lower Parel,
Mumbai-400 013
e-mail.- tininfo@nsdl.co.in
Tel No. 022-2499 4650
Fax No. 022-2495 0664

Coupon number or Acknowledgement number, as the case may be, should be mentioned in all communications.

Below is the Photo of PAN Card
44-day-old Akshithaa is youngest PAN card holder

ALL RELIGIONS ARE SAME AND CONNECTED, ANOTHER PROOF

ALL RELIGIONS ARE SAME AND CONNECTED, ANOTHER PROOF -
Reality Views by sm -
First let’s place the English Alphabets and Numbers Together and we will make the table
Below is the Table -


A=1 B=2 C=3 D=4 E=5 F=6 G=7 H=8 I=9
J = 10 = 1+0=1
K = 11 =1+1=2
L = 12 = 3
M = 13 = 4
N = 14 = 5
O = 15 = 6
P = 16 = 7
Q = 17 = 8
R = 18 = 9
S = 19 = 1+0 =1
T = 20 = 2
U = 21 = 3
V = 22 = 4
W = 23 = 5
X = 24 = 6
Y = 25 = 7
Z = 26 = 8

Now we will take the 1st letter of God names initials
Christian God name is JEHOVAH
1st Letter is J
Now check our Table and we come to know that J equals to 1.

MUSLIM GOD NAME = ALLAH
1st Letter is A
A equals to 1

HINDU GOD NAME = SHIVA
1st Letter is S
S equals 1

First Buddha Name - SIDHARTHA
1st letter is S
S equals to 1

Traditional Chinese God Name = SHANGDI OR SHEN
1ST LETTER = S
S EQUALS TO 1

Judaism God Name is YAHWEH but YHWH is considered one letter
so 7++8+5+8 =28=2+8=10=1
So ALL the god names equal to number 1
Now we come to know that Every Religion God name equals to 1
Therefore
All the religions are equal and same as well as God is same and only one
That is also One.

NOW WE WILL CHECK THE NAMES OF GOD MESSENGERS OR MESSIAH

Christian DIETY name is JESUS CHRIST
Let’s take now J and C that is 10+3 =1+3= 4

Muslim Messenger Name = MOHAMMED
1st Letter M M equals to 4

Hindu Messenger Name = VISHNU
V Equals to 4

This way we come to know that all religions are equal and connected with each other.

Part 8 - Indian Legal History – East India Company Becomes Diwan of Bengal

Part 8 - Indian Legal History – East India Company Becomes Diwan of Bengal

Read more »

The Carpenters - Lyrics and Video of Classic Song Yesterday Once More

The Carpenters - Lyrics and Video of Classic Song Yesterday Once More-
Watch the video below the lyrics of song yesterday Once More
When I was young
I'd listen to the radio
Waiting' for my favorite songs
Waiting they played I'd sing along
It made me smile


Those were such happy times
And not so long ago
How I wondered where they'd gone
But they're back again
Just like a long lost friend
All the songs I loved so well


every sha-la-la-la
Every wo-wo-wo
Still shines
Every shing-a-ling-a-ling
That they're starting to sing's
So fine

When they get to the part
Where he's breaking' her heart
It can really make me cry
Just like before
It's yesterday once more

Looking' back on how it was
In years gone by
And the good times that I had
Makes today seem rather sad
So much has changed

It was songs of love that
I would sing to then
And I'd memorize each word
Those old melodies
Still sound so good to me
As they melt the years away

every sha-la-la-la
Every wo-wo-wo
Still shines
Every shing-a-ling-a-ling
That they're starting to sing's
So fine


All my best memories
Come back clearly to me
Some can even make me cry
Just like before
It's yesterday once more

every sha-la-la-la
Every wo-wo-wo
Still shines
Every shing-a-ling-a-ling
That they're starting to sing's
So fine

Lyrics video song of Yesterday Once More by The Carpenters with lyrics



About the song -

"Yesterday Once More", written by Richard Carpenter and John Bettis, is a hit song by The Carpenters from their 1973 album Now & Then.

The song peaked at number two on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and number one on the easy listening chart

India - IHG Hotels Group Support the Earth Hour Cause March 27, 2010

India - IHG Hotels Group Support the Earth Hour Cause March 27, 2010
Reality Views by sm -
Just received the mail regarding Intercontinental Hotels Group, regarding Earth Hour and IHG hotels participation in the Earth Hour.


Says Shaun Langdon, IHG’s Regional General Manager for India, “More than just a symbolic participation, we wanted to conceive a concept that helps create awareness among our guests. We also wanted to showcase what the community can do beyond just the designated Earth Hour, to contribute to saving energy sustainably. We hope that once our guests go back home, they will host similar community get-togethers on a regular basis, so they can switch off lights in several homes by joining in such social gatherings.”
On the occasion of the Earth Hour being celebrated on March 27 throughout the world, IHG has added a whole new dimension to creating meaningful fun for their guests. The participating IHG hotels in India will encourage in-house guests to switch off lights in their rooms and join the ‘guestogether’ parties being hosted by them between 8:30 and 9:30pm.
As part of the celebrations, Crowne Plaza Bengaluru Electronic City will organize a candlelight cocktail party for in-house guests, along with “green” theme food. Hotel employees will also form a candle-lit, heart arrangement to show their solidarity for the cause.
At the same time, Holiday Inn Gem Park Ooty will host a complimentary poolside bonfire on March 27 for all its in-house guests to reduce the energy consumption inside the hotel.
Crowne Plaza Today Gurgaon will turn off all the non-essential lights to mark the Earth Hour and organize a candlelight dinner for their guests.
All lights around the hotel’s facade will be switched off between 8:30 and 9:30pm on March 27 at Holiday Inn Mumbai International Airport, with only external signage and hallmark lights on. The hotel will host complimentary mocktails at its 72 bar for all in-house guests to encourage them to turn off lights in their rooms and join the guestogether. Saptami, the all-day dining restaurant at the hotel, will only light up candles during the Earth Hour to create awareness among guests. The hotel’s HR department will also educate and engage its employees about ‘Earth Hour’ through notice boards.
Other than these initiatives, all the participating hotels are also encouraging their employees to switch from incandescent bulbs to CFLs to help conserve energy. Says Kadambini Mittal, Area Director of Sales & Marketing, IHG India, “We are hoping that as part of this awareness drive, we’ll be able to convince about 1000-odd IHG employees to switch from bulbs to CFLs. By using a 15W CFL instead of a 60W bulb, we can save at least 45W electricity consumption per hour or about 132 units lesser consumption every year.
During Earth Hour in 2009, IHG properties in Asia Australasia saved an estimated 80GJ or 22100kWh of electricity, which was equivalent to making 800,000 cups of coffee, powering up to 30 homes for one month, removing 16 tonnes of carbon dioxide, or planting 4.3 acres of trees. This year too, Earth Hour is drawing strong support from other IHG properties around the globe. In Asia-Pacific, IHG hotels in Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, Greater China and Southern Asia and Korea are supporting the Earth Hour.

About IHG Hotels -

Intercontinental Hotels Group (IHG) [LON: IHG, NYSE:IHG (ADRs)] is the world's largest hotel group by number of rooms. IHG owns, manages, leases or franchises, through various subsidiaries, over 4,400 hotels and more than 645,000 guest rooms in 100 countries and territories around the world. The Group owns a portfolio of well recognised and respected hotel brands including InterContinental® Hotels & Resorts, Hotel Indigo®, Crowne Plaza® Hotels & Resorts, Holiday Inn® Hotels and Resorts, Holiday Inn Express®, Staybridge Suites® and Candlewood Suites® and also manages the world's largest hotel loyalty programme, Priority Club® Rewards with 48 million members worldwide.
IHG has 1,400 hotels in its development pipeline, which will create 140,000 jobs worldwide over the next few years.
InterContinental Hotels Group PLC is the Group's holding company and is incorporated in Great Britain and registered in England and Wales.


Thanks Puneet Khunger for the mail and information.

March 27 -
Support Earth Hour - 8.30 pm to 9.30 pm switch off Lights.
And call the friends to switch of Lights.

India - Supreme Court allows 4% Muslim Reservation a Complete Case study

India - Supreme Court allows 4% Muslim Reservation a Complete Case study –

Reality Views by sm -

1. The Andhra Pradesh Government in 2004 passed a Government Order to provide 5 percent reservations to Muslims.


2. This government order was challenged in the High court

3. High court struck down the order as the backward classes commission was not consulted before passing this order with other reasons.

4. Again, in the year 2005, the government passed an ordinance providing 5 percent reservations to entire Muslim community in consultation with the backward class’s commission.

5. Again, this order of government was challenged in the High Court.

6. This time also High court struck down the government order for many reasons. High court said that Muslims as a community are not homogeneous. The entire religion cannot be considered as ‘backward’, the order and act did not differentiate between ‘creamy layer’ and other backward Muslim groups. High court also said that by granting blanket reservation to Muslims it provides an incentive for conversion from other religions to Islam in order to avail the benefits of the reservation. The Court also applied the principles laid down by the Supreme Court as the reservation limit had exceeded 50 percent.

7. After this decision of High court in the year 2005, the government constituted a committee to look into the backward communities amongst the Muslims and find groups that belong to the backward class.

8. The State had moved a bill in the Assembly based on a report submitted to it by Andhra Pradesh Commission for Backward Classes (APBC).

9. The bill was later passed by the Assembly. The report had recommended that the socially and educationally backward should be adequately represented in the State.

10. The Government Order was issued on July 7, 2007 providing for quota to Muslim groups.

11. In the year 2007 the Andhra Pradesh Government again by using the legal loopholes reduced the 5 percent reservation by one percent and made it 4 percent reservation so that it did not exceed the 50 percent limit which was set by the supreme court of India

12. Again, this time also matter reached the high court and 7-judge bench presided over the issue and heard the case for more than a year.

13. A seven-judge constitution bench of the Andhra Pradesh High Court had by a majority judgment of 5:2 held that the law providing 4 per cent reservation to backward class Muslims in the State was `unsustainable’ and violative of Article 14, 15(1) and 16 (2) of the Constitution.

14. The High Court had passed the judgment holding the Andhra Pradesh reservation in favor of socially and educationally backward classes of Muslims Act, 2007 unsustainable. The High Court, while setting aside the State Act, had also quashed a subsequent 2007 Government Order allocating 4 per cent reservation to Muslim groups in educational institutions and jobs. The High Court held that the recommendation made by the APBC was unsustainable as it failed to evolve and spell out proper and relevant criteria for identification of social and educational backwardness or social backwardness and inadequate representation in public employment among classes or persons belonging to Muslim community. It said the data was not collected properly by the APBC for determining the social and educational backwardness of Muslims in the State.

In the above all matter the most important thing for Educated Indians is that now no government will try to provide reservation for the complete religion by saying xyz religion is backward. Indian constitution does not provide the reservation based on the Religion.

After the order of High court, government of Andhra Pradesh filed a Special Leave Petition (SLP)
After this Supreme Court while dealing with this case passed the
An interim order, upholding the validity of four per cent reservation provided to backward members of Muslim community in the state.
A bench of Chief Justice K G Balakrishnan and Justices J M Panchal and B S Chauhan, however, referred the issue to a Constitution bench to examine the validity of the impugned Act since it involved important issues of the Constitution.

Meaning of interim order –
Interim order is a temporary order of the court pending a hearing or trial of a case, a final order.
The term interim order refers to an order passed by a court during the pendency of the litigation.
It is generally passed by the Court to ensure Status quo.
The rationale for such orders to be passed by the Courts lie are best explained by Latin legal maxim "Actus curiae neminem gravabit" which translated to (English) stand for "an act of the court shall prejudice no one".
Therefore, to ensure that the interests of none of the party to the litigation are harmed, the court may pass an interim order.

Few other Indian states already provide reservation for Muslims .

Don’t be fool , politicians are trying to divide us Hindus and Muslims, and trying to create the vote banks, Poor Muslims should understand that this is their right , and politicians are not their gods, they are our servants, and they are offering you what is yours, so do not vote to the party thinking that they gave me Reservation.
Always vote for the party and policy which thinks for the Indians as one .
so please do not oppose the reservation , but see that this reservation benefit really goes to poor Muslims not to the rich Muslims.


Hope the important point we educated Indians have to accept that In India reservation is going to stay forever ,
Now do we want caste based reservation which politicians want or
Do we want reservation based on the economic reservation ?

Always support and demand Economic Reservation in everything for the better future of India.

Reality of India – The power of Politician and Indian Democracy

Reality of India – The power of Politician and Indian Democracy
Reality of India – The power of Politician and Indian Democracy

Reality views by sm –

Case No.1 –

One Minister beats a political worker in the presence of Police.
Everything is recorded on Camera.


Every one is witness to that incident.
When news channels make it issue, police record the statement of that person
The person says that no one has beaten him.
The case is finished.
High court has the power to take such type of matters sue motto.
However, no one tries it.

Case No.2 –


One minister visits a village, and his party workers honor him with firing
In that, a person is hit with the bullet and becomes seriously injured.

But nothing happens.

In both the above matters a private complaint can be filed in the High court,
Does anyone can dare in India ?

Nothing happens.
This is the reality of Indian Democracy and Indian politics.

VITAMINS and Food Sources

VITAMINS and Food Sources -
Vitamins are organic food substances found only in living things, i.e. plants and animals
Reality Views by sm -
Know from which food we get which vitamin and keep the body healthy and strong.



1. Vitamin A -
Alpha-carotene, beta-carotene and retinol are all versions of Vitamin A.
Vitamin A helps cell reproduction.
It also stimulates immunity
Vitamin A helps vision and promotes bone growth, tooth development, and helps maintain healthy skin, hair, and mucous membranes.
Deficiency can cause night blindness, dry skin, poor bone growth and weak tooth enamel
Vitamin A - sources
liver, carrots, kale, red peppers, cow milk, spinach, eggs, butter , Grapefruit, Mango, Papaya, Tomatoes , watermelon, pumpkin, sprouts, butternut,

2. Vitamin B1/thiamine –
Vitamin B1/thiamine is required, useful in the production of energy.
It helps the body cells convert carbohydrates into energy.
It is also essential for the functioning of the heart, muscles, and nervous system. Not getting enough thiamine can leave one fatigued and weak.
Sources to get Vitamin B1/thiamine –
Mango, Orange , watermelon, Guava, Grapes, Grapefruit, Dates, Oats, Corn Sprouts, French Beans, Potatoes, sweet potato, Rice brown, Cashews, cows milk ,soy milk , soy beans etc.

3. Vitamin B2 or riboflavin –
Vitamin B2 or riboflavin is required for body growth, reproduction and red cell production.
Sources to get Vitamin B2 or riboflavin –
Banana, dates, grapes, mango, sprouts, French beans, peas, pumpkin, sweet potato, almonds, oats, eggs, asparagus, liver, milk, fish, meat, whole grains

4. Vitamin B3 or Niacin –
Vitamin b3 or niacin is required for digestive system, skin and nerves. It helps convert food to energy.
Sources –
Avocado, dates, guava, mango, peach, corn peas, potatoes, pumpkin, peanuts, meats, whole grains, eggs, fish, milk, legumes (like beans and peas)

5. Vitamin B5 or pantothenic acid
Vitamin b5 is essential for the metabolism of food as well as in the formation of hormones and good cholesterol.
Sources –
Dates, guava, watermelon , avocado, broccoli, sprouts, corn, French beans , potatoes , pumpkin, oats , sunflower seeds, eggs, cows milk, beef, chicken , breast chicken, dark meat , catfish , tuna , goat milk , salmon

6. Vitamin B6 or pyridoxine –
Vitamin B6 helps to create antibodies in the immune system.
Sources –
Watermelon, pineapple, mango, guava, grapes, banana, avocado, broccoli, sprouts, corn, French beans, green pepper, peas, potatoes , rice brown, walnuts, soy milk, soy beans, beef , catfish , chicken

7. Vitamin B9 or folate, folic acid –
Folate and folic acid are both forms of B9.
Folate occurs naturally in fresh foods where as folic acid is the synthetic form found in supplements.
We need folate to produce red blood cells also. It helps in the formation and creation of DNA and maintaining normal brain function and is critical part of spinal fluid .For pregnant females folic acid is very important required for growth and development of embryo.
Sources –
Avocado, blackberries , dates, guava, mango, orange, papaya , pineapple, raspberries , strawberries, broccoli, sprouts, French beans, cabbage, oats, peanuts, eggs, soy beans, soy milk

8. Vitamin B12 –
Vitamin b12 is important for metabolism; it helps in the formation of red blood cells and in the maintenance of the central nervous system.
Sources –
Fish, beef, cheddar cheese, cottage cheese, cows milk, eggs, salmon,

9. Vitamin C –
Vitamin C is antioxidant, protects body tissue from the damage of oxidation.
Antioxidants act to protect cells against the effects of free radicals which are damaging
Vitamin c is an effective antiviral agent.
Sources –
Guava, kiwi, Lychee, mango, orange, papaya, pineapple, broccoli, lemon,

10. Vitamin D –
Vitamin D is also called as sunshine Vitamin. Vitamin D is manufactured by the body after being exposed to sunshine. Vitamin D is important to the body as it promotes absorption of calcium and magnesium, which are good for tooth and bones
Sources –
We don’t need it from diet but important required diet is cow’s milk, eggs, etc

11. Vitamin E –
Vitamin E works as antioxidant helps to control appearance of wrinkles helps to heal the minor wounds without scarring as is valued for its ability to soothe and heal broken or stressed skin tissue.
Sources –
Guava, kiwi, mango, papaya, peach, potatoes, nuts, almonds, pine, sunflower seeds, eggs
And from vegetable oils but label should be checked as oils refined.

12. Vitamin K –
Vitamin K is a fat soluble and plays a critical role in blood clotting.
It regulates blood calcium.
Sources –
Grapes, kiwi, mango, plum, tomatoes, broccoli, cabbage, sprouts, carrots, peas, spinach

Know About Brahmos - Super sonic Missile a joint venture of India and Russia

Know About Brahmos - Super sonic Missile a joint venture of India and Russia

Reality views by sm -

Updated on Sunday, March 04, 2012

1. In the year 1998 BrahMos Aerospace Private Limited was established in India as a joint venture between India's Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) and Russia's NPO Mashinostroeyenia

2. BrahMos, being a joint venture, the production is being shared by the consortium of industries from India and Russia. The Indian Armed Forces will have the superior fire power and the best cruise missile in the world, by inducting BrahMos.



3. BrahMos is a supersonic cruise missile that can be launched from submarines, ships, aircraft or land, can be launched at any angle and covers a 360 degree radius.

4. Unit cost of Brahmos is US$ 2.73 million

5. Brahmos has the fire and forget principle.

6. India had wanted the BrahMos to be based on a mid range cruise missile, namely P-700 Granit, instead Russia opted for the shorter range sister of the missile, P-800 Oniks, in order to comply with MTCR restrictions, to which Russia is a signatory.

7. It travels at speeds of Mach 2.5 to 2.8 and is the world's fastest cruise missile. It is about three-and-a-half times faster than the U.S.A's subsonic Harpoon cruise missile. At speeds of Mach 2.5 to 2.8, is about three times faster than the American subsonic Tomahawk cruise missile.

8. The ship-launched and land-based missiles can carry a 200 kg warhead, whereas the aircraft-launched variant (BrahMos A) can carry a 300 kg warhead.

9. The BrahMos is currently being configured for aerial deployment with the Su-30MKI as its carrier.

10. India and Russia intend to make 2,000 BrahMos supersonic cruise missiles over the next ten years through their joint venture company, and nearly 50 percent of them are expected to be exported to friendly countries

11. The Missiles have their roots in Germany as the country developed the first successful Guided missiles V1 and V2.

12. Brahmos is a two stage missile with a solid propellant booster engine as its first stage which brings it to supersonic speed and then gets separated. The liquid ramjet or the second stage then takes the missile closer to 3 Mach speed in cruise phase.

13. The missile is in service with the Indian Navy. Talwar class frigate and Shivalik class frigate are frigates of the Indian Navy that can fire the BrahMos. INS Tabar and INS Trishul are Talwar class vessels armed with supersonic BrahMos while INS Shivalik was the first vessel of the Shivalik class to incorporate the BrahMos.

14. January 10, 2009 it was reported that two Indian Air Force (IAF) Sukhoi-30MKI fighter jets have been sent to Russia for a retrofit program that would enable them to launch the aerial version of the BrahMos supersonic cruise missile. The air trials will commence in 2010 with deployment in Indian Air Force by 2012.

15. BrahMos II is expected to be ready by 2013-14 and will arm the Project 15B destroyers of the Indian Navy.

16. Brahmos working and in development variants
• Ship launched, Anti-Ship variant (operational)
• Ship launched, Land attack variant (operational)
• Land launched, Land attack variant (operational)
• Land launched, Anti-Ship variant (existence not confirmed)
• Air launched, Anti-Ship variant (development)
• Air launched, Land attack variant (development)
• Submarine launched, Anti-Ship variant (development)
• Submarine launched, Land attack variant (development)

17. On March, 2010 Brahmos was again successfully test fired from a vertical launcher fitted on board moving warship INS Ranvir off the east coast. The missile performed supersonic manoeuvring following the exact flight path and homed in on to the decommissioned target ship INS Meen, and 'The mission met 100 percent success,'



Updated on Sunday, March 04, 2012

JAISALMER: The Army today successfully test fired the 290-Km range BrahMos supersonic cruise missile at the Pokharan range.
The Indian Army unit successfully launched BrahMos missile and destroyed the pre selected target in the field firing ranges in Rajasthan

The Army has placed orders for three regiments of the supersonic cruise missile and with today's test firing, two of them have been inducted operationally.

Indian army will induct a third regiment in Arunachal Pradesh along the China border.

What is one regiment?
What means one regiment?

One regiment of the 290-km range BrahMos consists
Around 65 missiles, five mobile autonomous launchers on Tatra vehicles and
two mobile command posts, among other equipment.

BrahMos is already inducted into the Navy and is deployed on almost all the front line surface warships of the Indian Navy.


Watch the video
Watch the Brahmos missile video hitting target successfully to the target.
Watch carefully to detect when Brahmos finishes 1st stage and then goes into the 2nd stage and in 3rd stage hits the target.



Below is the photo of Brahmos Missile

Part 7 - Indian Legal History - Charter of 1753

Part 7 - Indian Legal History - Charter of 1753
Reality Views by sm -

1. In the year 1746, The French got the control of Madras Presidency.

2. Because of this Madras Corporation which was created after the charter of 1726 was ceased to function.

3. In the year 1749 Again British got the control of Madras.

4. To establish again Madras corporation King George II again issued a new charter on the 8th January ,1753



5. The company officials utilized this chance and tried to remove all the disadvantages of the charter of 1726.

6. The new charter of 1753 was made applicable to all the 3 Presidency Towns.

7. New charter changed the method of appointment of Mayor and Aldermen.

8. Governor and Council got the power to appoint the Aldermen.

9. Regarding selection of the Mayor, the corporation selected the names of 2 people and Governor and Council selected one of them as the Mayor every year.

10. This way Mayor became the puppet of the Governor and Council.

11. This way Mayor as well as Aldermen became the nominee of Government.

12. And Government got the full control of Corporation

13. This way Government got the power to appoint the judge of the Mayors Court and remove him also if he disobeyed the Government or Governor.

14. Mayor’s court lost all the autonomy and independence, and became secondary in nature.

15. The court was allowed to hear the Indian cases only if both native Indian parties agreed and submitted the case to the Mayors court.

16. Mayors court got the right to take action against the Mayor

17. No person was allowed to sit as a Judge if he was interested in the matter in anyway.

18. Mayors court got the power to hear the cases against the Government and Government Defended them

19. Now suitors deposited money with the Government not to the Mayors Court.

20. The new charter also created the new court called as Court of Request at each presidency town to decide, cheaply and quickly cases up to 5 pagodas. 1 Pagoda equals to 3 Rupees.

21. This court was established to help poor Indian litigants who can not afford the expenses of the court.

22. The court weekly sat once , and was manned by commissioners between 8 to 24 in number

23. The government appointed the commissioners and every year half of the commissioners got retired and those places were filled by the ballot method by remaining commissioners.

24. 3 Commissioners sat in each court on rotation

25. For small claims, cognizable by Requests court if people, plaintiff went to the Mayors court, the rule was that Defendant was awarded costs, this way it saved time and money also.

26. Requests court got the power to hear the Indian matters also.

27. Now there were 3 courts namely
28. a ] court of Request
29. b] Mayors Court - Civil court Jurisdiction
30. c] Court of Governor and Council – the court where appeal from the Mayors court went
31. Criminal Cases - Justice of the Peace and court of quarter sessions consisting of Governor and Council
32. Regarding civil cases Privy Council in the England was the final authority

33. This charter introduced many changes but this charter took away the Independence of Mayors Court , which was given to this court by the charter of 1726

34. The East India Company with this charter also always followed the policy not to break the customs of Hindus and Muslims.
35. When both Indian parties agreed that time only Mayors court handled those cases.
36. As executive enjoyed more powers they appointed company servants as the judges.
37. The executives handled the cases in such a way it does not harm them or did not harm the company servants or friends.

38. In 1772 House of Commons appointed a committee of secrecy to check the affairs of the east India Company. The committee in its 7th report gave adverse report regarding Calcutta Judicial system.
39. The reported stated that Mayors court behaved as they wish in all the cases without following English law.

40. As a result of criticism , Supreme Court was Established at the Calcutta in the year 1774
41. The supreme court of Calcutta was Independent court and does not work under company executive and consisted of professional lawyers who knew English law in depth.

Continued -

Suggested Reading -
Part 8 - Indian Legal History – East India Company Becomes Diwan of Bengal
http://realityviews.blogspot.com/2010/03/part-8-indian-legal-history-east-india.html

India - Women Reservation Bill 2010 and empowerment of females – A detailed Analysis

India - Women Reservation Bill 2010 and empowerment of females – A detailed Analysis
Reality Views by sm -
What is the meaning of Empowerment ? How one is empowered ?
Not being able to participate or make your voice heard, due to oppression,
caste, gender or just lack of strength, is something that does not go well together with a democratic society
From ancient times in India power , power of rule is associated with the male
and females are associated with the kitchen , food making and baby making cow.
How do we identify and integrate the social and economic needs of the women if we do not accept them as the important factor in decision making .


Regarding Women Reservation in India , many Indians are confusing this reservation with the empowerment.
By just eating the vitamin pills one does not become the Body Builder and healthy person.
Empowerment refers to increasing the spiritual, political, social or economic strength of individuals and communities.
It often involves the empowered developing confidence in their own capacities.
Empowerment is then the process of obtaining these basic opportunities for marginalized people, either directly by those people, or through the help of non-marginalized others who share their own access to these opportunities.
It also includes actively thwarting attempts to deny those opportunities.
Empowerment also includes encouraging, and developing the skills for, self-sufficiency, with a focus on eliminating the future need for charity or welfare in the individuals of the group.
This process can be difficult to start and to implement effectively, but there are many examples of empowerment projects which have succeeded.
Empowerment includes the following, or similar, capabilities:-
1. The ability to make decisions about personal/collective circumstances
2. The ability to access information and resources for decision-making
3. Ability to consider a range of options from which to choose (not just yes/no, either/or.)
4. Ability to exercise assertiveness in collective decision making
5. Having positive-thinking about the ability to make change
6. Ability to learn and access skills for improving personal/collective circumstance.
7. Ability to inform others’ perceptions though exchange, education and engagement.
8. Involving in the growth process and changes that is never ending and self-initiated
9. Increasing one's positive self-image and overcoming stigma
10. Increasing one's ability in discreet thinking to sort out right and wrong

How much Indian females are empowered ?
In how many homes females are the decision makers ?
Who decides the dress for the females ?
Who choose the husband for the females ?
Who decide the education of the females ?
Who decide with whom the young girl should do friendship ?
Who decides where female should do the job or which kind of job she should do ?
How many families think about sending daughters into politics ?
Like this I can write many more examples , but this is enough.

The point is that females in India are seen as a weak and not intelligent , and males think that they are the protectors of the females.
In every movie and in every television serial in India you can see this , male is rescuing the female , and male is the decision maker in everything .

in India we follow patriarchy , our society is male dominant , and it is one of the duties of the male to protect the females as they are weak

the women in India live their lives behind the men. It is true on the street, in the household and in the political arena.

The reservation bill, introduced with the 73rd amendment, guarantees certain seats in these Gram Panchayat (GP) offices to women in an attempt to empower them.

It depends on the person how he or she wants to utilize the given opportunity and empower oneself and the society.
2nd is currently we can see that what empowerment politicians are doing it.
With the reservation female empowerment will happen, but slowly not in a one day or one year or few years.
But for me I think and go into the deeper and think that this reservation will empower the complete Indian society, every home and every female will talk about the politics.
This is reason we need 50% female reservation in the parliament.
By just giving vitamin pills, someone does not become the true body builder,
With this reservation we are giving females the opportunity, and when they will use this opportunity, how they utilize this opportunity will tell us how the females get empowered and
What will be the effect of this reservation on the society as whole we have to see it?
I do not see anything bad in this reservation; there are more chances that India will get something good from this women reservation bill 2010.
Empowerment does not happen automatically it needs the opportunity,
so first we are giving them opportunity,
Then females of India have to do hard work and prove themselves and in Panchayats many females have shown their capabilities successfully.
This is not scam , just this is how we have to look at the reservation.
In short I will again write it down,
Females easily do not get election tickets . Even Educated males do not get tickets normally who get the election ticket everyone knows it in India.
When qualified males do not get the opportunity and election ticket ,
How do you think females will get the election ticket.
With this woman reservation , opportunity is created for females.
After getting this opportunity female have to do hardwork , understand the politics and show their capacities to nation and society.

Women are not treated equally. Women in India are still second-class citizens in India.
With this reservation we are opening the doors of opportunity for the all Indian females.
This may or may not empower them as only opportunity does not empower them, it needs hard work and study
but currently in India problem is that Brothers, males are not ready to give her this opportunity.
So without this chance how can we say this will empower her or not ?
Without experiment how can you say that this will not empower her ?
But one can not deny the best benefit Indian society will get from this reservation,
Is that Every home will start to talk about politics and this will at home from the young age Indian kids will start to learn about the politics.
Female empowerment will happen with this reservation but it will depend on the female
it’s our duty as a brother , as a male to give her that opportunity and see that she gets success in this.
By just giving vitamin pills no one becomes healthy , it needs efforts. And hard work. And opportunity.
Women Reservation is an opportunity for the females of India and when they will get the chance ,
after that Indian society will know the benefits of this women reservation.
Without experiment and testing nothing can be said is bad or good.
One benefit will happen that more and more Indian families , females will talk about the politics.
This will change the main topic of discussion in majority homes. The benefits will go to the next generation of India.
Currently in India at which age normally youth talk about politics whose family is not into the politics.
Majority families in India have only one topic and dream, get the education, become doctor and engineer get the job and forget the India and Indian politics, reason is that they do not understand the ABCD of politics also.
Without giving opportunity and taking the examination, how can you say student is intelligent , he got empowered with the education.
Like this how can one say Women Reservation will not empower the females or how much it will empower them ?
First let’s give the females of India a chance , an opportunity and then after five years one can review the performance and empowerment of society.

So when we talk about women reservation in India , do not think about the empowerment ,first think about the laws and ideas about this reservation, after five years one will know the benefits of this reservation to the females as well as to the Indian society.

Then and only then one can say clearly how much Indian society is empowered and how much Indian female is empowered .

It is wrong to say Women Reservation bill will not empower females of India.

Yes it will empower the females of India , but this is not right time to discuss the empowerment ,
Now we have to think How this Reservation bill is drafted , What should be the provisions of Reservation Bill ?
so females of India will get more benefits out of this Reservation bill
In the beginning this reservation benefits will be enjoyed by rich masses and females including politically connected females, but with the passage of time , more and more females will come into the politics.

reserving seats for women are necessary to break the vicious circle of male dominance in Indian politics.

Know all about Earth Hour – Be Part of Earth Hour for Bright Future - March 27

Know all about Earth Hour – Be Part of Earth Hour for Bright Future - March 27
Reality Views by sm -
What is Earth Hour?
Earth Hour is one of the largest global campaigns to combat climate change by switching off lights and other electrical equipment for one hour on March 27
Earth Hour 2010 takes place on Saturday 27 March at 8.30 pm to 9:30 pm And is a global call to action to every individual, every business and every community throughout the world.



It is a call to stand up, to take responsibility, to get involved and lead the way towards a sustainable future.
Iconic buildings and landmarks from India to Australia to America will stand in darkness.
People across the world from all walks of life will turn off their lights and join together in celebration and contemplation of the one thing we all have in common – our planet
Know all about Earth Hour –
1. Earth Hour started in 2007 in Sydney, Australia when 2.2 million homes and businesses turned their lights off for one hour to make their stand against climate change
2. Earth Hour is a global event organized by WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature, also known as World Wildlife Fund)
3. In March 2009, India along with hundreds of millions of people took part in the third Earth Hour. Over 4000 cities in 88 countries officially switched off to pledge their support for the planet, making Earth Hour 2009 the world’s largest global climate change initiative.
4. ''Earth Hour'' is celebrated across major cities of the world on the last Saturday of March annually to pledge support for protecting the environment.
5. Earth Hour is organized by WWF With almost 5 million supporters and a global network in over 100 countries
6. “It is a matter of pride for me that I am associated with this prestigious campaign. It’s time that we take a collective pledge to ‘switch on’ our minds and take one simple step to ‘switch off the lights’ on March 27, 2010 from 8.30 pm to 9.30 pm.” - Abhishek Bachchan, bollywood actor
7. “Climate Change is undoubtedly and regrettably, the biggest immediate long-term environmental challenge we face. A failure to come to sound policy outcomes on climate change will not only have a negative environmental impact but also social and economic consequences for all of us. Stand up and join us in the fight against climate change. Support Earth Hour.”
- Aamir Khan, bollywood actor & filmmaker
8. Earth Hour 2009 Report – who participated, what happened?
9. Among the participants in 2009 was, for the first time, the United Nations headquarters in New York City. The U.N. conservatively estimates that its participation will save $102 in energy.
10. United States topped the Earth Hour participation with an estimated 80,000,000 people, 318 cities and 8 states participating.
11. The Philippines saw participation from 647 cities and towns or over 15 million Filipinos were estimated to have joined in the hour-long lights-off at 8:30 - 9:30 PM local time. The Philippines was able to save 611 MWh of electricity during the time period, and is said to be equivalent to shutting down a dozen coal-fired power plants for an hour.
12. Greece with 484 cities and towns participating, and Australia with 309
In 2009, India joined the Earth Hour movement.
Over 5 million Indians and 56 Indian cities showed their support by switching off, saving approximately 1000 MW of power in that one hour and making the first ever Earth Hour in India a huge success!
From amongst those who switched off included
Several key historic and landmark buildings like Qutub Minar, Red Fort, Humanyun’s Tomb and Chatrapati Shivaji Terminus.
Symbols of modern India including hotels, cinema complexes and shopping malls Connaught Place in Delhi and Brigade Road in Bangalore offered a unique visual spectacle with just the essential lights turned on.100 top public and private sector organizations participated. Reserve Bank of India, Infosys, Wipro, ICICI, Google, Indian Hotels, HSBC, Standard Chartered India, HP, ITCWelcomgroup, HUDCO, Taj group of hotels and PVR. to name a fewTremendous support from the Government of Delhi ( has adopted EH as a quarterly initiative)Hundreds of educational institutions including IITs, IIMs, MICA, Jamia Milia Islamia, JNU among several youth groups, community organizations and religious groups took ownership of the campaign to help make it a success from Cochin to Gangtok and Dehradun to Bubhneshwar.

Please Try to Remember and Switch of Lights
India time on Saturday March 27 for one hour during 8.30pm to 9:30pm

The above article topic is suggested by Mayank, who represents the Earth Hour India.
Thanks Mayank for suggesting me topic.

Below is the photo of Earth Hour Logo –

IPL – No Taxes Common Man – Increased Vat Pay more Tax

IPL – No Taxes Common Man – Increased Vat Pay more Tax
Reality Views by sm -
Does IPL matches are held for social cause?
Do all the profits of IPL matches will be given to the farmers who are committing suicides in Maharashtra?


The Purpose of the IPL matches is to make the profit; it’s a total profit making business.
It has nothing to do with the social service.
Its pure entertainment, just like going to movie or going to drink the wine in a bar with music facility.

The Delhi and Punjab governments had charged entertainment tax on IPL matches.
But Maharashtra Government does not think this way; it has not charged tax on IPL

Maharashtra will host 14 of the 60 scheduled matches of this multi-crore extravagance, but the state will gain nothing.
If Maharashtra government charges tax on IPL matches it is said that Government of Maharashtra will get more than 12 crore Rupees.

On the same time Government has increased the Vat, The increase in vat tax means Maharashtra government needs funds.
Still IPL will not be charged for taxes .
Maharashtra chief minister Ashok Chavan said the state government has not given tax relief to IPL and the issue is still under consideration.

Just hope that BJP will corner the government of Maharashtra and see that IPL pays the taxes.
Otherwise again common man will think that BJP is doing nothing.
one should learn the meaning of Friendship from the politicians.
NCP = Congress
NCP chief is Sharad Pawar.
Yes Friend in need is Indeed.

BJP President Nitin Gadkari Announces his Team – National Executive

BJP President Nitin Gadkari Announces his Team – National Executive
Reality Views by sm -
Bharatiya Janata Party President Nitin Gadkari has announced party's National Executive.
It consists of 121 members, including 13 Vice-Presidents, 10 General Secretaries, 15 Secretaries and one treasurer.
President - Shri. Nitin Gadkari



Vice-Presidents -
1. Shanta Kumar
2 Kalraj Mishra
3 Vinay Katiyar
4 Bhagatsingh Koshiyari
5 Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi
6 Karuna Shukla
7 Najma Heptullah
8 Hema Malini
9 Bijoya Chakravarti
10 Purushottam Rupala
11 Kiran Ghai

General Secretaries
1 Ananth Kumar
2 Thavarchand Gehlot
3 Vasundhara Raje
4 Vijay Goyal
5 Arjun Munda
6 Ravishankar Prasad (Chief Spokesperson)
7 Dharmendra Pradhan
8 Narendrasingh Tomar
9 Jagat Prakash Nadda
10 Ram Lal (Organisation)
11 V. Satish (Jt.Gen.Sec.Org)
12 Saudan Singh (Jt.Gen.Sec.Org)

Secretaries -
1 Santosh Gangwar
2 .Smriti Irani
3 Ms. Saroj Pande
4 Smt.Kiran Maheshwari
5 Tapir Gao
6 Navjot Singh Siddhu
7 Ashok Pradhan
8 Varun Gandhi
9 Muralidhar Rao
10 Dr. Kirit Somaiyya
11 Dr. Laxman
12 Captain Abhimanyu
13 Arati Mehra
14 Bhupendra Yadav
15 Ms. Vani Tripathi

Treasurer -

Shri Piyush Goyal

Official Spokespersons

1. Prakash Javdekar

2. Rajiv Pratap Rudy

3. Shahnawaz Hussain

4. Ramnath Kovind

5. Tarun Vijay

6. Nirmala Sitharaman

Bharatiya Janata Party Parliamentary Board -

1. Nitin Gadkari, Chairman

2. Atal Bihari Vajpayee

3. Lal Krishna Advani

4. Dr. Murali Manohar Joshi

5. Venkaiya Naidu

6. Rajnath Singh

7. Sushma Swaraj

8. Arun Jaitley

9. Bal Apte

10. Ananth Kumar (Secretary)

11. Thavarchand Gehlot

12. Ram Lal